提高原油含水检测准确率方法的探讨

针对影响原油含水化验的各关键节点进行了详细的分析，并做了大量的现场试验，找出了影响原油含水检测值准确率的相应临界指标，并提出了相应的个性化解决方案。     

Orthogonal ligation to spherical polymeric microparticles: Modular approaches for surface tailoring

Modular ligation strategies for the functionalization of polymeric microspheres provide new perspectives for their applications in material science. In the current trend article we highlight variable synthetic procedures for generating functional microspheres via orthogonal modular conjugation chemistries. An overview of the different surface chemistries available is provided, followed by surface-sensitive characterization techniques relevant for the microparticles. Finally, we explore future trends in modular orthogonal modification approaches on microparticles and provide an outlook on the perspectives that the field of surface-modification of polymeric microparticles holds.     

Conversion of Fine Particle Waste of Water-Absorbents to Value-Added Oil-Absorbents

This is a preliminary report on conversion of fine particle waste of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) hydrogels to value-added oil-absorbing organogels via a facile and green approach. Thus, SAP was hydrophobically modified with different contents of an R₄N⁺Br^– to incorporate long alkyl groups to the polymer structure. FTIR and DSC were employed to study the structural and thermal characteristics of the product. Swelling measurements verified that the SAP could be easily converted to efficient organophilic samples with absorption capacity up to 6 g/g in toluene and 4 g/g in crude oil media. Therefore, the product may be employed in environmental decontamination.     

On the Mechanism of Laser Destruction of Polymers: Effect of Low-molecular Weight Additives Stemming from Oscillatory Cross Relaxation

Abstract

The vibrational cross-relaxation mechanism of polymer destruction suppression under laser irradiation are discussed. The experimental data are presented showing the influence of low molecular weight additives on laser damage resistance of optical polymers.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Biodegradable Polymer – Used as a Pour Point Depressant for Lubricating Oil

Additives based on polymers of alkyl methacrylate used in lubricant composition improve the viscometric and rheological properties of the lubricant and provide fuel economy. They are also looked upon to provide additional performance characteristics such as improved low temperature fluidity, dispersancy and thickening. However, the recent demand for eco-friendly technology guided us to incorporate the sunflower chemistry into the acrylate skeleton through the process of copolymerization in anticipation of getting an ideal blend of performance as well as eco-friendly chemistry. The present investigation comprises the homo and copolymerization of sunflower oil with different mass fraction of methyl methcrylate (MMA), decyl acrylate (DA) and styrene, characterizations and their evaluations as a pour point depressant in base oils.     

The Effects of Various Flotation Parameters on Gold Recovery by Coal-Oil Assisted Gold Flotation

The effects of different physical parameters such as pulp density, aeration conditions, and impeller speed on the performance of coal-oil assisted gold flotation were investigated in this study. The experiments were conducted using samples taken from an epithermal gold ore deposit. The results demonstrated that increasing the solid concentration in feed pulp slightly improves recovery of gold particles, but accompanied by significant decreases in concentrate grade. At low aeration conditions gold recovery was relatively low whereas at high aeration conditions the selectivity was poor. The use of higher level of agitation in the agglomerate re-formation stage brought about an increase in gold recovery; however, gold grade of the concentrates tended to decline. Gold grade of the concentrate was significantly increased by reloading of the coal oil agglomerates; on the other hand, substantial decreases were observed in total gold recovery after each successive cycle.     

Dual Bioactivities of Essential Oil Extracted from the Leaves of Artemisia argyi as an Antimelanogenic versus Antioxidant Agent and Chemical Composition Analysis by GC/MS

The study was aimed at investigating the antimelanogenic and antioxidant properties of essential oil when extracted from the leaves of Artemisia argyi, then analyzing the chemical composition of the essential oil. The inhibitory effect of the essential oil on melanogenesis was evaluated by a mushroom tyrosinase activity assay and B16F10 melanoma cell model. The antioxidant capacity of the essential oil was assayed by spectrophotometric analysis, and the volatile chemical composition of the essential oil was analyzed with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results revealed that the essential oil significantly inhibits mushroom tyrosinase activity (IC₅₀ = 19.16 mg/mL), down-regulates B16F10 intracellular tyrosinase activity and decreases the amount of melanin content in a dose-dependent pattern. Furthermore, the essential oil significantly scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid) ABTS radicals, showed an apparent reduction power as compared with metal-ion chelating activities. The chemicals constituents in the essential oil are ether (23.66%), alcohols (16.72%), sesquiterpenes (15.21%), esters (11.78%), monoterpenes (11.63%), ketones (6.09%), aromatic compounds (5.01%), and account for a 90.10% analysis of its chemical composition. It is predicted that eucalyptol and the other constituents, except for alcohols, in the essential oil may contribute to its antioxidant activities. The results indicated that essential oil extracted from A. argyi leaves decreased melanin production in B16F10 cells and showed potent antioxidant activity. The essential oil can thereby be applied as an inhibitor of melanogenesis and could also act as a natural antioxidant in skin care products.     

31.5mn车轮预成型油压机自动控制系统研究

介绍了31.5 MN车轮预成型油压机流程及参数,阐述了控制系统S7-300的结构配置及其完成主要功能。     

Performance and Modeling of an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket(UASB) Reactor for Treating High Salinity Wastewater from Heavy Oil Production

In this study,an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB) reactor was applied to treat the high salinity wastewater from heavy oil production process.At a HRT of ≥24 h,the COD removal reached as high as 65.08% at an influent COD ranging from 350mg/L to 640mg/L.An average of 74.33% oil reduction was also achieved in the UASB reactor at an initial oil concentration between 112mg/L and 205mg/L.These results indicated that this heavy oil production related wastewater could be degraded efficiently in the UASB reactor.Granular sludge was formed in this reactor.In addition,two models,built on the back propagation neural network(BPNN) theory and linear regression techniques were developed for the simulation of the UASB system performance in the oily wastewater biodegradation.The average error of COD and oil removal was-0.65% and 0.84%,respectively.The results indicated that the models built on the BPNN theory were wellfitted to the detected data,and were able to simulate and predict the removal of COD and oil by the UASB reactor.     

Investigation of long-term engine oil performance using lab-based artificial ageing illustrated by the impact of ethanol as fuel component

The effect of ethanol and its combustion products on the lubrication system is not very well understood. In this paper, a novel lab-based artificial ageing method for the evaluation of engine oils for bio-fuelled automotives and the results thereof are presented. Artificial ageing of three fully formulated engine oils with addition of ethanol, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid was carried out. The oil formulations chosen represent a consequent series of optimisation steps based on the engine oil performance in terms of preservation of typical oil parameters, e.g. base reserve and oxidation, observed during the artificial ageing procedure. It was shown that ethanol as well as acetaldehyde has almost no effect on the oil degradation especially in the case that advanced additive technology was used. On the contrary, acetic acid significantly affected the formulated oil showing influence on the detergent chemistry and even caused sludge formation. The use of the novel artificial ageing method proved to clearly differentiate the impact of the respective compounds added with the possibility to simulate enhanced stress conditions without the need of time-consuming and expensive engine bench tests. Hence, the novel setup offers valuable input for the formulation and the pre-selection of future engine oils suitable for bio-fuel.